Fleck Corneal Dystrophy (FCD), cornea disease, symptom, treatment cause genetics

👁 What is Fleck Corneal Dystrophy (FCD)?

Fleck Corneal Dystrophy (FCD) is a rare, inherited corneal condition
in which small, freckle-like grayish opacities appear throughout the corneal stroma.

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🧬 Key Characteristics

• Opacities are confined to the stroma, not affecting the epithelium
• They are scattered throughout all stromal layers, often asymmetrically
• Usually bilateral, but can also appear unilaterally
• No associated pain, redness, or foreign body sensation
• Lesions may become more noticeable with age

 

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🔍 Symptoms and Diagnosis

• Most patients are asymptomatic, with normal vision
• Occasionally, patients may notice mild blurred vision
• Typically discovered incidentally during slit-lamp examination

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🧬 Cause

• The exact gene is not yet identified,
  but the condition is believed to be related to lysosomal metabolism disorders
• Deposits are thought to be lipid or glycosaminoglycan materials
• Histologically shows PAS-positive and Sudan-positive granules

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💊 Treatment

📌 Because vision is usually unaffected, and there are no painful symptoms,
📌 No medical or surgical treatment is required.
📌 Regular observation is sufficient.

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✅ Summary

• Rare genetic corneal dystrophy
• Freckle-like stromal opacities, usually harmless
• No vision loss, no discomfort, no treatment needed
• Just routine follow-up is recommended